The Adaptation Of The Epic Of Beowulf - 1657 Words

The epic poem Beowulf is one of the oldest surviving literary pieces and therefore one of the most important works of Old English literature. John Gardner, in the form of the novel Grendel, created an adaptation based on one of the most well known epic poems. The adaptation is a successful one due to the fact that Gardner maintains the pivotal events from the plot that are present in the original Beowulf. The adaptation reincarnates the original through its use of the same characters present in both works. Grendel remains the antagonist in both of the literary works, as he wreaks havoc on Hrothgar’s mead-hall. The literary works end the same way, with Grendel dying and Beowulf remaining the epic hero for humanity. The differences in the†¦show more content†¦Grendel is a monster killing the Danes in both the original and adaptation, but readers of Grendel see he is also a miserable creature through his narration. The character of Beowulf remains the same, as the qualit ies that make Beowulf a great leader are still clearly defined in the adaptation. Grendel is able to recognize Beowulf’s strength and leadership attributes. In Beowulf the Geat’s leader is â€Å"a thane†¦with the strength of thirty/in the grip of each hand† (Heaney 380-381). Beowulf proves his strength and leadership qualities in both of the works as he prepares to defeat Grendel. The fight scene between Beowulf and Grendel remains true in the two pieces of literature; Beowulf fakes sleep and engages the monster in hand-to-hand combat. Beowulf is able to tear Grendel’s arm off from the shoulder, ultimately killing him. Before battle the thane proclaims, â€Å"I hereby renounce/sword and the shelter of the broad shield,/the heavy war-board: hand-to-hand/is how it will be, a life and death/fight with the fiend† (Heaney 436-440). Beowulf’s incredible strength is what separates him from the other humans; it plays a large role in the making of the epic poem. Therefore the adaptation maintains Beowulf’s strength, remaining faithful to an important component of the original work. Aside from characters, another major component of an adaptation is the plot and whether it remains true the original work. The plot of Grendel derives from the original work,Show MoreRelatedSimilarities Of The Story In Beowulf922 Words   |  4 PagesBeowulf was originally an epic poem written by an unknown author that set the tone for future epic literature and created the ideal hero for pieces later to come. But despite its significance, Beowulf has been adapted throughout time and the character and poems image has been changed constantly. One of the best examples showing change to the story is the movie depiction of Beowulf. While there are some similarities that connect the book and story together there are overall more differences that separateRead MoreA Realistic Twist on an Ancient Myth Essay1155 Words   |  5 PagesA thousand years ago peasants and kings alike were drawn to the epic and often-heroic tales told by bards. Much like the modern audiences of movies today, these often-fantasized tales captivated their listeners and gave a microscopic glimpse into the culture of the medieval period. Today, there is no doubt that 21st century America is a vast and very divergent world than that of the writers of early British literature. However, nearly a thousand years after the original stories were written, AmericanRead MoreComparing Beowulf And Grendel And Beowulf1702 Words   |  7 Pagestranslated, Beowulf has represented one of the finest examples of heroic poetry. As a tale reflecting the noble deeds of a hero, it uniquely expresses the cultural values of the Anglo-Saxons from whom it originated since heroes often do reflect the best of what their culture deems worthwhile. However, modern adaptations of this work express a different set of cultural values; values unique to modern society. When comparing the translated poem, Beowulf, to the 2005 motion picture, Beowulf and GrendelRead MoreAmbiguity In Beewulf : A Comparison Of Beowulf1024 Words à ‚  |  5 Pages2007 film adaption of Anglo-Saxon text Beowulf naturally takes its liberties to make changes to the plot, but unlike most other Hollywood adaptations, this one brought more depth and plot to the otherwise simple epic. As a consequence, the underlying theme of the film shifts from the blind glory seeking of the text, towards a theme of lust for wealth and power. The events that showcase this contrast are heavily rooted within the three iconic fights of the epic. One trait of the original text showcasedRead MoreBeowulf - Profile of an Epic Hero Essay617 Words   |  3 PagesEpic Beowulf A hero, in the traditional sense of the word, is generally a protagonist in a story whose overwhelming power is the only which can defeat the evil of the day. In a classic example of this comes Beowulf, a novel adaptation of the epic Anglo-Saxon poem by Robert Nye. The main character and namesake of the story is Beowulf, an adventurous young hero. When he hears the tales of the monster Grendel that terrorizes the Danish kingdom, he immediately has the urge to lend his assistanceRead MoreThe Epic Of Beowulf By William Shakespeare1549 Words   |  7 PagesBeowulf is one of the earliest and most famous works of English literature, and is still widely read today. However, over a thousand years has passed since it was written down in England, and even longer since it was originally spread by word of mouth in the old norse lands, and our values and concepts of the world are radically different than the people of Beowulf’s age. Although the epic Beowulf shows their concept of simpl istic duality, in which there is only black and white, good and evil, theRead MoreThe Epic Of Beowulf By William Shakespeare1549 Words   |  7 PagesBeowulf is one of the earliest and most famous works of English literature, and is still widely read today. However, over a thousand years has passed since it was written down in England, and even longer since it was originally spread by word of mouth in the old Norse lands, and our values and concepts of the world are radically different than the people of Beowulf’s age. Although the epic Beowulf shows their concept of simplistic duality, in which there is only black and white, good and evil, theRead MoreWhy Forrest Gump Is Very Much An Epic1584 Words   |  7 Pages An Epic is defined as a long poem, typically derivative of ancient traditionally orally related tales that narrated the feats and adventures of heroic or often legendary figures, or the gallant history of a nation. I believe Forrest Gump is very much an epic. Whe n a story transcends multiple lifetimes and incorporates many events across generational lines, it may be then considered epic. Forrest Gump, a tale about a man of slight mind but significant heart who originates from deficiency to becomeRead MoreMonsters in Literature Essay925 Words   |  4 PagesMonsters run free in epic poems of centuries far past; horrific, villainous creatures of fantasy who illustrate all that is bad in the world and stand for the tribulations the epic hero much overcome. The Anglo-Saxon epic Beowulf is no different. Some are born of, and in turn give birth to legends, such as the fire-breathing dragon, while others are tied to the bible. In studies, Beowulfs monsters are explained and will continue to be analyzed as symbolic of countless different ideas. In relationRead MoreCultural Progression through Beowulf Essay examples569 Words   |  3 PagesBeowulf is an Old English poem. It was written sometime between 700 and 1,000 A.D. Over the years it has been edited and rewritten countless times. Some of the more recent versions do their best to stay as close to the original story as possible while others make rather large changes to make it more engaging for today’s audiences Seamus Heaney translated a version of Beowulf in 2001. He tried hard to translate the story in a way that best represents the original. Heaney’s version is bilingual with

Abortion and Disability - 946 Words

With reference to abortion, examine and comment upon the issues that emerge from keeping up with developments in medical ethics, whilst maintaining religious principles and/or ethical values. (Total for Question 1 = 50 marks) There are several issues that arise when it comes to the development in medical ethics whilst also maintaining religious principles and ethical values. The development of medical knowledge has allowed for humans to practice different ways in helping society. But these new discoveries have found to clash with religious principles and ethical values. This can be related to the topic of abortion as it goes against monotheistic religious teachings. In the 21st Century it is allowed for a mother to abort a healthy†¦show more content†¦Living in a world set up and built for able bodied people, it’s difficult for a disabled person to be brought up and adapt to carry out even the most simplest of everyday tasks. Aborting a disabled foetus may not intentionally be biologically discriminating, but instead, weighing up the consequences of continuing with the pregnancy until the stage of giving birth, taking into account what life will be like for the foetus in the future. To conclude, I believe that abortion should only be considered concerning the best interest of the foetus because that is what is seen to be ethically right (by ending the possibility of suffering and low quality of life that the foetus may have to endure if it was to be born). Situation Ethics, devised by Joseph Fletcher could be a religious stance as to why the allowance of abortion for disabled foetuses may be in accordance to religious principles also. For example, dependent on the severity of a disability of a foetus, it might be reasonable to suggest aborting a foetus because it would be the most loving thing to do. Agape love, the kind of love Jesus had for everyone in which this theory teaches us to practice. TalithaShow MoreRelatedThe Right to Choose1801 Words   |  7 Pageswhen the issue of selective abortion is brought up. Selective abortion, of course, is the willful termination of a fetus due to information provided by prenatal testing due to genetic advancements. Examples of selective abortion include a woman choosing to abort her fledgling child because it has the genetic traits for multiple sclerosis, or for some other life threatening or severely debilitating condition (Steinbock, 1994). The notion of whether or not such abortions resulting from genetic informationRead MoreEthical Issues Regarding Prenatal Testing1498 Words   |  6 Pagesand disabilities. A woman can now have her unborn child tested for diseases and disabilities before the child is born. This testing is called prenatal diagnosis and has become increasingly popular. Regretfully, selective abortion is exercised when the results confirm an abnormal fetus. From an ethical standpoint, prenatal diagnosis as a deter mining factor for abortion is immoral. Researchers have suggested that using selective abortion can create stigmas toward individuals with disabilities. ThisRead MoreThe Social Issue Of Abortion1522 Words   |  7 PagesThe purpose of this paper is to reflect on the social issue of abortion that was presented in the Daily Mail (Macrae, 2012), in response to a scientific article addressing before and after birth abortion (Gubilini Minerva, 2012). The paper will explore the views and disagreements about social aspect of abortion in respect to â€Å"subjects† of this discussion, the newborn and unborn. Loseke (2005) notes, â€Å"Social problems are about disagreements†¦ conditions, and they are about people in these conditions†Read MoreShould Abortion Be Legal?844 Words   |  4 Pages Abortion is viewed as a negative decision to some people, but in recent years with the advancements in technology and prenatal testing, selective abortion has started to become wid ely popular among the newer generations. It is a very controversial due to many people believing it is unethical and a poor decision. There are many logical reasons for a woman wanting an abortion for a child with a disability such as, getting raped, not being financially stable enough to give the child a good qualityRead MoreWhy Liberals Should Defend The Unborn Essay899 Words   |  4 Pagestwo sides to the abortion argument. Some say that the entire concept is immoral, while others argue that ethically there is nothing wrong with abortion. Mary Meehan, the author of â€Å"Why Liberals Should Defend the Unborn,† believes that abortion is immoral; she argues that the liberals willing to allow abortion will not make a stance on when a life of the fetus actually begins. Then, she backs up her argument with scientific evidence and points out that race has an effect of abortion. She also bringsRead MoreArgumentative Essay: Abortion1075 Words   |  5 PagesEssay, I am arguing that abortion is wrong and not to be mistaken with Abortion should be made illegal. I will explain later why I have made this statement. Abortion is the termination of an unborn child in its mothers womb for up to twenty four weeks of the pregnancy or in special circumstances e.g. Disability diagnosis a termination right up until the mother goes in to labour. I think the above definition is an easier and less harsh way of saying that abortion is the murdering ofRead MoreWebsite Analysis of National Right to Life Committee (NRLC)696 Words   |  3 PagesMovement, Abortion, Assisted Suicide, Life, Organization. Introduction National Right to Life Committee(NRLC) is the second oldest and largest pro-life organization in the United States. This social movement organization deals with several life-related issues like abortion, assisted suicide or euthanasia, cloning, Medicare issues and so on. However, my focus topics are â€Å"Abortion† and â€Å"Assisted Suicide/ Euthanasia† because these are the two most common issues life-related issues. Abortion The rateRead MoreThe Controversial Issue Of Abortion1584 Words   |  7 PagesAbortion. The subject of abortion has become one of the most controversial issues in health care; deciding whether to abort a life or keep it. There are many ethical issues surrounding the topic. When does the fetus become a person? Is it when they grow arms and legs? Is it when there is a heartbeat? Is there an exact point, where ethically, having an abortion is wrong? There are many reasons people opt to have an abortion. Perhaps the child is bared through non consensual sex or from the failureRead MorePre Screening For Disabilities And Genetic Enhancement946 Words   |  4 PagesPre-screening for disabilities and genetic enhancement are vital factors in the decision to place restrictions for selective genetic abortion. All human life should be of equal worth, supporting the ideal that life-and-death decisions for seriously compromised newborns should not be based on the quality of life (CITE 3). Sc reening for genetic diseases through the use of in vitro fertilization, or IVF, limits and excludes those with disabilities from our society, exposing limits on morality. TheseRead MoreIs Abortion The Stop Of Pregnant And Parenting?918 Words   |  4 Pages Is Abortion Allowed Abortion is the stop of pregnant and parenting. Nowadays, abortion becomes more and more common to avoid pregnancy by pills or clinic because of the advancement of technology. Some women choose abortion by their selves, but others by their boyfriends or husbands, families, and the society. What if women want the babies, but their family members do not or cannot? The borders between the opportunity for new lives and the responsibilities of parents becomes a question about

Theory and Practice of Second Language-Free-Samples for Students

Question: Discuss about the Theory and Practice of Second Language. Answer: Teaching Sequence Tenses indicate to us how any action is relative to the time flow. Three main tenses in English are there: present, past and future. These three tenses are then divided into four aspects: simple, continuous, perfect and perfect continuous. Simple present tense is used for describing habits, unchanging situations, fixed arrangements and general truths. This tense is simple to form, just by using the basic form of the verb. Tenses can be identified by noticing the changes they take in their forms in accordance with the number and person of the subject. Simple present tense can be used only for expressing habits, repeated actions, general truths or unchanging situations, wishes and emotions. It is used also for giving instructions or directions. Practicing making sentences with simple present tense would be helpful in understanding the norms and techniques in this tense. Context of Teaching Sequence This task investigates a lesson I taught as of late at Axpea Education Academy. The school is for universal students learning English as an Additional Language or Dialect (EAL/D) (ACARA - English as an additional language or dialect, 2017). The students are essentially matured in the vicinity of eighteen and twenty-four, and numbers vacillate from roughly a few hundred, with a few students being enlisted for two weeks and others for up to a year. The school has been as of late revamped, and classrooms are agreeable, clean and aerated and cooled. NEAS (National ELT Accreditation Scheme) is the administrative body (NEAS, 2017). The school distributes students to stages in accordance with the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR) Europe, 2017). Classes keep running from stages A1 and A2 (tenderfoot), through B1 and B2 (middle) to C1 to C2 (progressed). Each stage is part into three sub-levels, for instance, A1.1, A1.2 and A1.3. In this grouping, the fourth of ten lessons, I educated a B1.2 general English class containing thirteen students. To begin with I mostly taught Indian students there. The learning objective, to utilize passive voice with the past simple tense, was taken from the EF Syllabus, and students got to their course book and English Guide (Entityframework Training Syllabus 2017). Instrumental inspiration is the most usually communicated inspiration amid coordinated meetings, with a few students taking Cambridge or IELTS exams in the not so distant future and many needing to utilize English in their vocation. Student independence is supported, and students have open doors for independently directed investigation incorporated into the timetable. Amid the two months effectively finished, student nervousness and eagerness to convey in the class have enhanced fundamentally. There is a blend of field needy and free students. Educators frequently need to oversee student desires, for instance, arrangement in levels lower than anticipated, yet we strive to set up affinity with our students (Robertson, 2013). On leaving, most students' composed assessments indicate extraordinary fulfilment with their course and instructors. We now and again need to adjust courses or bring additional care with students who have unique instructive needs, and we guarantee students under eighteen are sheltered and going to school. Lessons are part between two days with a poor start and three days with an encouraging start. There is small timetabling weight on the students. Educators are relied upon to instruct in a student focused style, with periodic instructor focused exercises, and students react well to this (Cheon et al., 2012). Literature review: This particular chapter is to review the literature of the study. The method of the teaching sequence used in this particular study is the teaching method used in Axpea Education Academy. Vocabulary is always noted as an important part of language and to achieve broader success one must have the knowledge of English vocabulary. It is seen that the number of words that the students know and the knowledge of grammar that they have is average. Grammar is a tough term and for the Indian students it is very hard part of their course. The research on the condition of the first language clearly describes the fact that they have proper knowledge about that there is no existing problem that they have in their first language (Cheon et al., 2012). The teaching method at Axpea Education Academy included teaching of English as a second language to the Indian students. The objective of the teaching method adapted was to increase the use of simple present tense and teaching the students the basic k nowledge of grammar. Grammar is known to be the rules in either the structure of the words or the word order in any sentences. The objective is to make the students learn the rules which is definitely a tough task. The involvement of the Indian students in the learning process of English grammar is important and hence the teachers need to introduce innovative ways to involve the students in their learning process. There are many relevant theories regarding teaching of grammar to the students, the two basic theories are Gardners multiple intelligence theory, and Krashens teaching of second language theory. Both the theories denote ways that can be used by the teachers to teach grammar and tense of English to the students (Gardner, 2015). Gardner states many intelligence theories that can be used as methods for teaching tense to the students and the two most common intelligence used from his theory are linguistics and logical- mathematical theory. However, the use of musical- rhythmic one can be a good and innovative method and this will eventually grab the interest of the students for learning tense. The Indian students will get more attracted to out of syllabus things and in this modern era students do not like reading text books much hence it is best to teach them tense using some creative method. Krashens theory is all about the acquisition of the second language and the grammar and not by forcefully making them learn the tense and language (Chun Frodesen, 2014). There are many past researches, which are conducted to check the efficiency of applying of various methods for teaching grammar and tense to the students. Those researches state that the knowledge of grammar is less among the students whose first language is not English and to teach them grammar there is adaption of many methods (Borg, 2015). The teachers are often needed to understand the level of grammar and tense knowledge and bring a balance of communication and grammar learning among the India n students. The methods in which the result of this study is concluded are the involvement of the participants that are the students the next is the instrumentation and this stage includes the different strategies used for conducting the study. There was pretest and posttest that helped the teachers of Axpea Education Academy to evaluate the difference of knowledge level of the Indian students about tense. The study stated that teaching of grammar improves the competence level of the students. The study also highlights the point that the teaching process of tense must include the focus on the performance and involvement of the students. The Indian Students are never much interested in learning English grammar from a book and hence the teaching process can include the interaction process so that the students can enhance their knowledge by interacting with the teachers. There are many debates about how English grammar and tense should be taught to the Indian students and the basic methods that can be commonly used are drawing the students attention to the learning process and secondly teaching grammar in a way, which the students can exercise later. The teaching of grammar can be in a process of PPP or presentation-practice-produce. The teachers will have to teach grammar to the students in a presentable way, which the student will like and practice and afterwards produce the use of the same somewhere else. Often there is a partiality in the teaching process of first and second language, first language is taught with very much care and consideration and the second language not with the same and equal involvement. Hence, Indian students get an average idea about second language and for the students who have English as their second language it becomes very tough to coordinate, as English is a common language across the globe. Grammar is an integral pa rt of English language and the students lack in English grammar and have no proper idea about the use of tense in sentences. Thus, teaching English grammar becomes necessary. In every class, there will be mistakes in grammar made by students be it in construction of sentence or in speaking about some past activity. The only one that can be addressed is the ones that are noticed. A school must take the consideration of teaching the Indian students English grammar in a way they will be accustomed to learn. It is not about what and how the method will be used. It is all about using a method for the execution of teaching grammar. Keeping Krashens acquisition theory in mind it is recommended that it is better to start teaching to the students who want to learn grammar otherwise the teaching will not be of any use. There is always a difference in the students need and providing of the teachers. That is why it is better to find out the effects of the methods that are applied for teaching g rammar to the students. The work of teaching the students grammar of second language is a tough work and it is harder for the students because they do not properly have the idea about language and forcing them to learn initially leads to loss of interest. The main problem the learners have about English is the tense use. Some Indian students agree that they have problem in the use of tense and some do not agree that they have problem in using past tense in sentence. It is all about the learning interest, which the students represent and the responsibility that the teachers perform. The basic problem statements of this study are the low confidence and motivation level of the Indian students who have English as their second language and they have a problem of speaking in English. This study is also about the use of past tense among the Indian students as it is seen that they cannot frame a proper sentence in past tense and often faces problem regarding that. The study is conducted to check the methods that can be used to teach the students grammar of English language. This study specifies some ideas, which will attract the students to learn English and grammar. Instrumental inspiration is eventually the most communicated inspiration, with a few students taking exams in for future development and many teaching methods to utilize English in their vocation. Rationale: The grammar translation method or any other important methods can be useful for teaching the Indian students English grammar, which will provide the students with the broad knowledge of tense. The approach of this study is to develop the students knowledge about English grammar (Yule, 2016). In the conducted study, it is seen that the students have a problem in speaking English and using tense while speaking about some past activities. The social interaction with the students is an easy method to teach the students the grammar of English language. Another method that can be used is to teach the students both the language and the grammar with equal efficiency and this can only be done by involving the students in the learning process. This study shows that there is a need to decrease the gap of the Indian students with English as a second language and increase their knowledge of grammar (Smith Candlin, 2014). The Indian students often have a problem accepting their mistakes in speaki ng of any past activities and this can be exposed by helping them to learn the language with their own interest. The theory of Krashen and Gardner will be helpful for this context. Motivating the Indian students is also important, as without that no student will be eager to learn. Hence, the teachers must motivate the Indian students so that they can be involved in the learning process and this can be done by any means either by asking them to read in the class or by conducting class of interaction to help the Indian students get a broad knowledge about the English grammar and English as well. The Reflection I feel that the lesson satisfied its learning objective. Perception based developmental appraisal showed that the students comprehended the frame and utilization of the linguistic use point. The most widely recognized blunders were utilizing the wrong type of "be" or choosing a wrong verb frame or non-existent past participle, for example, "scorched" as opposed to 'sung'. I kept on rehearsing this syntax point with them during the time amid lesson warm-ups, and furthermore focused on students for singular offer assistance. The students accomplished tasteful outcomes in their unit tests on Friday (see the informative supplement), which raised two purposes of intrigue: 1) Most students were exceptionally effective at changing over from active to passive voice when advised to do as such. 2) Students were less effective when they were made a request to pick accurately amongst active and passive voice. At the point when not trained whether to utilize passive or active voice, students endeavoured to utilize logical signs, for example, different words in the sentence, for instance seeing "by" or the verb 'to be'. I believe that students can comprehend rules identifying with shape, however require introduction to the right use of the language through continuous presentation to informative errands after some time. It would be fascinating if our summative appraisal, which happens at regular intervals, put more concentrate on whether students keep on being effective utilizing shown sentence structure focuses after introduction, or in the event that they lose the advance they have made. Tragically, right now, all students in this specific school which works overall take a finish of level test which does not really incorporate the linguistic use educated, so we can't as of now research this or reach any determinations. Successful Aspects of the Sequence I believed that that the informative stages filled their need as they enabled the students to work on talking utilizing passive voice. I heard students self-redressing, adjusting each other and clarifying why botches had been made. I feel that the content based exercises were effective in that that they gave students a minute for calm reflection and individual work. Aspects That I Would Change in The Future I feel that I presumably endeavoured to pack in excessively, and maybe hurried the students to some degree. In future, I will back the pace off. Likewise, the sentences in the underlying talking movement were generally presented in active voice. In future, I might want to figure out how to consolidate passive sentences. I might likewise want to try different things with utilizing the lexical approach as a strategy for educating structures. I would be intrigued to know how the students would react to it. Taking everything into account, I feel upbeat to have discovered that a portion of the things I have been doing as an instructor have an establishing in instructive research. It has been extremely fascinating to get some answers concerning the historical backdrop of classroom methodologies, strategies and procedures, and I am truly anticipating joining a portion of the new things I have learned into my own instructional method and enhancing my educating practice. References (CEFR), C., Europe, C. (2017).Cadre europencommun de rfrence pour les langues.Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR). Retrieved 17 August 2017, from https://www.coe.int/en/web/common-european-framework-reference-languages ACARA - English as an additional language or dialect. (2017).Acara.edu.au. Retrieved 17 August 2017, from https://www.acara.edu.au/curriculum/student-diversity/english-as-an-additional-Language-or-dialect Borg, S. (2015).Teacher cognition and language education: Research and practice. Bloomsbury Publishing. Cheon, S. H., Reeve, J., Moon, I. S. (2012). Experimentally based, longitudinally designed, teacher-focused intervention to help physical education teachers be more autonomy supportive toward their students.Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology,34(3), 365-396. Chun, D. M., Frodesen, J. (2014). Second language acquisition. Cohen, A. D. (2014).Strategies in learning and using a second language. Routledge. Cohen, L., Manion, L., Morrison, K. (2013).Research methods in education. Routledge. Collins, L., Marsden, E. (2016). Cognitive perspectives on classroom language learning.The Routledge Handbook of English Language Teaching, 281. Entityframework Training Syllabus. (2017).Bestdotnettraining.com. Retrieved 17 August 2017, from https://www.bestdotnettraining.com/entityframework-online-tutorial Entwistle, N. J. (2013).Styles of learning and teaching: An integrated outline of educational psychology for students, teachers and lecturers. Routledge. Gardner, H. (2015). Howard Gardners Theory of Multiple Intelligences.lnea]. Available: https://www. niu. edu/facdev/resources/guide/learning/howard_gardner_theory_multiple_ intelligences. pdf. Leung, C., Davison, C., Mohan, B. (2014).English as a second language in the mainstream: Teaching, learning and identity. Routledge. Mitchell, R., Myles, F., Marsden, E. (2013).Second language learning theories. Routledge. NEAS. (2017).Neas.org.au. Retrieved 17 August 2017, from https://www.neas.org.au/ Richards, J. C., Schmidt, R. W. (2013).Longman dictionary of language teaching and applied linguistics. Routledge. Richards, J. C., Schmidt, R. W. (2014).Language and communication. Routledge. Robertson, S. (2013).Transnational student-migrants and the state: The education-migration nexus. Springer. Rohrer, D., Pashler, H. (2012). Learning Styles: Where's the Evidence?.Online Submission,46(7), 634-635. Smith, M. S., Candlin, C. N. (2014).Second language learning: Theoretical foundations. Routledge. Yule, G. (2016).The study of language. Cambridge university press.

Major Political Parties

Political parties play an important role in the political system of the world today. They play the role of bringing together people with similar political positions and interests. Through political parties, the power game in politics is executed because for one to become a political leader, the channel is via a political party. Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Major Political Parties specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Similarly, in most cases, voting by the elector is usually based on ideologies that are shared by a political party and not necessarily the individual contesting for a position. Usually there are two major political parties in any election contest in a two party system and the presence of third parties only has some effect on the entire process but can never win an election. There has been substantial development of political parties with change in era and time. This paper highlights some of these developments with a detailed look at some of the major political parties of the world today and their policies on foreign affairs, economy and balancing of the budget. It also touches on the role that third parties play and the impact they have to the political system. To support this, the focus will be on the political system and political parties of the US. In the United States, the two major political parties are the Democratic Party and the Republican Party. The third parties in the US are several and the three major third parties include constitution Party, Green Party, and the Libertarian Party (Crane , 12). Currently in the US, the federal government is administered by the Democratic Party with Mr. Obama as the president and head of state. The party shares several ideologies and beliefs of social liberalism. It has ever supported minority groups that include farmers, labor workers and minority religions and minority ethnic groups. Most people of black American descent and Latino Americans share the same positions and interests with the party’s and therefore a huge number of them belong to the party.Advertising Looking for research paper on government? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The party also opposes ideas that create unregulated business operations in the US. They have sponsored several bills in the senate that supports increase in minimum wages. The 2007 Fair Minimum Wage Act is one of the bills that have been supported by democrats and passed. The Democratic Party believes in a structured tax system that reduces inequality in the economy (Grigsby , 106). The republicans during the Bush regime, created cuts in taxation for rich and wealthy Americans including the middle class. But to create equality and reduce the gap between the rich and the poor, the Obama administration has allowed tax cuts for the rich to expire so that they pay more tax. At the same time taxation cuts for the middle class has been allowed to continue. There is a general support for more budgetary allocation to departments of social services such as health care, and welfare programs. Removing these services from American citizens is like bringing social injustice. Attempts by the Republicans to remove these services were strongly opposed by the members of the Democratic Party (Thompson and Hickey , 89). If the government provides these services to the citizens, it creates an opportunity of freedom to everyone. The PAYGO rule of budget was actually reinstated after a move by the democrats to push for its reinstatement. Democrats also have a liberal and progressive stand on issues to do with the environment, trade, education, the rights of the gay community, and research on embryonic stem cell. Their foreign policy is based on internationalism of which intervention is permitted. They supported the use of military intervention in order to fight terrorism and bring to justice those responsible for the 9/11 attacks. Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Major Political Parties specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More But in the recent past the president has opposed further involvement of the military in Afghanistan calling for a surge of the troops. There is however area where both Democrats and Republicans speak in one voice. This is the issue of Israel in the Middle East region. The Republican Party on the other hand has a conservative nature of ideologies and principles. On the economy, they believe that capitalism and free market contribute greatly towards building the economy (Gienapp , 56). To them the role of assisting the poor should be the responsibility of the private sector and not the government. And therefore they do not support government funding of social services such as health care and education. On international policies, the republicans have always been in support of militar y intervention to bring stability within a region. It was during a republican regime that there have been most wars that the US military has involved itself in. The republicans also form the majority of the people in the US military. The US has a two party political system with democrats and republicans being the main one. However there are other third parties that usually only play the role of a spoiler during elections (Thompson and Hickey , 67). Candidates from these parties rarely do win elections and at the moment there have only been two senators from third parties who have won election since 1990. Whenever there are big issues that are overlooked by the two big parties, they can cause and force attention in these issues. Works Cited Crane, Michael. The Political Junkie Handbook: The Definitive Reference Books on Politics . New York: McGraw Hill, 2004.Advertising Looking for research paper on government? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Gienapp, William. The Origins of the Republican Party. New York: Harvard University Press, 1989. Grigsby, Ellen. Analyzing Politics: An Introduction to Political Science. Florence: Cengage Learning, 2008. Thompson, William and Joseph Hickey. Society in Focus. Boston: Pearson, 2005. This research paper on Major Political Parties was written and submitted by user Marcus Evans to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Iran essays

Iran essays Since the days of 6th century BC, Ian has been ruled by absolute monarchs. The shah-in-shah, king of kings, or emperor decided the fate of the empire. Irans constitutional monarchy, founded in 1906, was ended in 1979. In the same year a new constitution established an Islamic republic in which principles of Islam were to be the foundation for social, political, and economic relations. The constitution was significantly amended in 1989. Iran now has two heads of state, one being a more leading religious figure, the other being a more presidential figure. But ultimately, the religious chief is the real power. This makes Iran a theocracy, which means ruled by priests. A religious leader, called the faqih, oversees the operation of the government. The first faqih was Khomeini, who died in 1989. His successor is selected by an Assembly of Experts, made up of 83 clerics who are popularly elected every eight years. The current faqih of Iran is Ayatollah Ali Hoseini-Khamenei. He may decl are war and also names the heads of all state and religious organizations, so therefore controls the judiciary, armed forces, security police, intelligence agencies, radio, and television. Therefore, he is more powerful than Irans president. The chief executive and head of state of Iran is a president, who is elected by popular vote for up to two four-year terms. As the constitutions specifies, the president is the holder of the highest of fiscal power next to the office of the faqih. Amendments to the constitution in 1989 strengthened the presidency by eliminating the position of prime minister, who was until then the chief executive. The cabinet conducts the real day-to-day work of governance. Almost all new laws, as well as the budget, are devised by the cabinet and submitted to parliament for approval, change, or rejection. A modern form of government was introduced in Iran after the Persian Revolution of 1906. The const...

3 Cases of Too Many Commas

3 Cases of Too Many Commas 3 Cases of Too Many Commas 3 Cases of Too Many Commas By Mark Nichol This post illustrates several types of sentences that incorporate excessive punctuation. Each example is followed by a discussion and a revision. 1. Much of what happened between the moment Jones sat on a bench to enjoy the view and police opened fire and killed him, has been the subject of contentious debate. A verb is preceded by a comma only when that comma is one of a pair that frames a parenthetical phrase: â€Å"Much of what happened between the moment Jones sat on a bench to enjoy the view and police opened fire and killed him has been the subject of contentious debate.† (An example of the type of exception noted is â€Å"Much of what happened between the moment Jones sat on a bench to enjoy the view and police opened fire and kill him, and why the police reacted the way they did, has been the subject of contentious debate.†) 2. The stakes are high because, without effective management of regulatory risks, organizations are reactive, at best, and noncompliant, at worst, with all of the attendant consequences. The punctuation bracketing the phrases â€Å"at best† and â€Å"at worst† is optional, but because they, in combination with the required commas that set off the sentence’s parenthetical phrase and its subordinate clause, create a cluttered effect, it’s best to omit the discretionary ones: â€Å"The stakes are high because, without effective management of regulatory risks, organizations are reactive at best and noncompliant at worst, with all of the attendant consequences.† (Note that in the case of â€Å"at worst,† only the preceding comma can be deleted, because the one that follows it serves double duty, setting off the subordinate clause as well.) 3. He would replace conservative, Justice Antonin Scalia, who died last month, leaving behind a bitter election-year fight over the future of the court. This sentence is punctuated as if â€Å"Justice Antonin Scalia† is an appositive of conservative- that is, as if the phrase and the word are equivalent to each other- meaning that the parenthetical phrase could be omitted without affecting the validity of the sentence’s grammatical structure. However, the result would be the flawed statement â€Å"He would replace conservative, who died last month, leaving behind a bitter election-year fight over the future of the court.† Conservative is simply part of a descriptor providing additional information about the person named; therefore, no intervening punctuation is necessary: â€Å"He would replace conservative justice Antonin Scalia, who died last month, leaving behind a bitter election-year fight over the future of the court.† (Note that because the descriptor is â€Å"conservative justice,† not simply conservative, justice is not a job title and is therefore not capitalized.) A revision of the sentence that incorporates an appositive and thus validates the parenthetical punctuation, is â€Å"He would replace a conservative justice, Antonin Scalia, who died last month, leaving behind a bitter election-year fight over the future of the court.† (Here, â€Å"Antonin Scalia† - and the framing punctuation- could be omitted without damage to the sentence.) Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Punctuation category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:30 Synonyms for â€Å"Meeting†11 Writing Exercises to Inspire You and Strengthen Your WritingAffect vs. Effect

Korean diaspora communities in Britain and the United States process Essay

Korean diaspora communities in Britain and the United States process of community building and notion of homeland - Essay Example I intend to explore the differing patterns of immigration adaptation of Korean communities in the U.K. and the U.S., the process of community building and the degree of efforts exerted by these two comparable groups to either maintain or reject traditional customs, and their sense of identity attached to or detached from their homeland or the host country. Absolute majority of existing literature on Korean diaspora is concentrated on Koreans in the U.S. Study of Korean communities in Europe has received surprisingly little attention from academia, and scant volume of existing scholarly work clearly reflects such neglect. According to the statistics released by the Korean Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the Overseas Korean Foundation, the size of worldwide Korean Diaspora is 7,044,716 as of 2007. China, the U.S. and Japan are the top three recipient countries accounting for more than 80 percent of the total population of overseas Koreans. In Europe, excluding the former USSR countries , there are 111,276 ethnic Koreans and the U.K. is home to the largest Korean population in Europe with some 42,000 people. The fact that there is no existing literature on Korean immigrants in Europe provides a good justification for initiating this study. However, novelty alone is not a sufficient condition that justifies the significance of one study. Apart from the literature on Korean diaspora communities, there exists an ample volume of scholarly work comparing the U.K and the U.S. There is an obvious advantage of comparing these two countries as although imperfect, their shared Anglo-Saxon culture, and language can control many endogenous factors that can be problematic while comparing two completely different countries. My intention is not to dismiss the value of existing comparative examinations of Korean communities that have already been done, but to fill in the gap in existing literature by carrying out a research on the group that has not been covered by other researchers before, and uncovering subtle differences - rather than visible differences highlighted in the existing literature on Japan-U.S and China-U.S. comparisons, that exist between the two countries that share many similarities yet subtle differences. Such differences, although they are felt and detected, have not received scholarly attention and therefore ex ist only in forms of personal anecdotal speculations. The significance of this potential work should not be limited to the field of diaspora studies in parochial Korean context only. It will also make contribution to studies of ethnic minorities in the U.K. in the British context. Some of the empirical findings will be able to be expanded, generalized and have wider implications in the general diaspora discourse. That is, the ultimate aim of my study, and choosing Korean immigrant group, is a mere strategic choice made by a novice student coming from Korea, hoping for a smoother entry to the field of ethnicity and migration academia in her initial stage. My ambition for possible further research after the completion of doctoral dissertation will expand to other ethnic groups in different countries, and also different migrant groups recently burgeoning in Korea. Literature Review There exists no comprehensive study on Korean communities in the U.K. One book exists on a Korean community in Europe, that examines the Korean immigrants

Surveillance technology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Surveillance technology - Essay Example That respect warrants this essay a critical outlook into the evolution, merits, and demerits of spy cameras as type of surveillance technology. Additionally, this paper will also seek to give a recommendation on the way future of this subject. The evolution of spy cameras and its incorporated technologies is an important topic that examines the state of surveillance technology and its impacts on the modern society. The tumultuous history of technologies associated with spy cameras has its origin rooted in the 16th century and stretches all the way to the present generation whereby it shifted from facto disciplinary practice to a real time practice revolving around security and conveniences it offers to its participants. Spy cameras evolved in three basic stages namely, daguerreotype, film, and digital photographic spy cameras. Daguerreotype was a truly successful stage of spy cameras since photographers used copper plates coated with iodine whereby it used this combination to produce silver iodide upon sensing light. Daguerreotype photography entered the United States during the time of Civil War whereby technical fighters used it as an investigative tool. (Heir and Greenberg, 2007:217). Even though the Federal Bureau of investigation did not exist during the time of President Lincoln, documented evidence shows that, security officers used daguerreotype as a form of surveillance technology in crime scene investigation. With spy cameras came in telephone calls which aided in taking surveillance technology into the following stage. Surveillance technology shows, the introduction of telephone accounts for a big margin in this subject as it led to wire-tapping where one could listen to a telephone conversation between other people. Year 1945 witnessed a major shift as wire and tape recorders became available (Tavani,

Sports are Necessary Essay Example for Free

Sports are Necessary Essay Ask yourself, â€Å"Is there something beneficial that numerous local neighborhoods and large nations both commonly share? † Likely, your brain isn’t listing sports as embracing such assets. Rather, you could be assessing sports as surpassing any other activity in regards to contentment or as a social pastime that involves to many injurious consequences to both players and audiences. Although underrated for the several benefits it offers, sports affects your communities regardless of whether you value athletics or not. Nevertheless, associating with sports can lead to a barrel jam-packed with underappreciated yet rewarding outcomes including supporting a healthy lifestyle, learning off-the-field skills, acquiring social connections, and creating happiness amongst unhappy moments. Near the conclusion of this essay, you will learn to see sports as a glass half full instead of half empty. Sport-like activities began since the beginning of mankind, but the longstanding purpose of benefiting civilization has remained the same. In the Roaring 1920’s, America was recognized for its emphasis on the eras social, artistic, and cultural interest. Alongside the national boom came baseball and the beginning of ‘sports culture’ as legendary Babe Ruth joined the New York Yankees. After breaking several records and setting the standard for baseball, Americans saw Ruth â€Å"as the most important and infamous† player in sports history (Buckley 10). Ever since that remarkable season, America bounced back from World War I and now lives in a society reliant on sports for reaching optimum satisfactory levels. To begin with, sports of any sort urge, support, and allow people to be healthy and stay fit. Regardless of whether you prefer surfing, riding a bicycle, playing football, or joining soccer over another sport, physical activity is involved and exercise helps burn calories. Rather than sitting on a laptop or watching television, sports decreases chances of becoming obese. Unfortunately, as the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention points out obesity in 12- to 19-year-olds rose from 5 percent in 1980 to 18 percent in 2008 (Murphey 22). C. J. Wilson, starting pitcher for the Major League Baseball Texas Rangers, is all about you getting improved and healthier. Its important to get kids healthier and cut down on childhood obesity, he says (Murphey 22). Wilson felt so strongly about young peoples health, he began his own charity to increase assistance against America’s epidemic while urging kids to stay fit. Despite these inspiring efforts, critics of sports claim that obesity increases because sports fans eat unhealthily as they watch the latest intense games on the LCD screen. In advertising and in stereotypes, watching sports undoubtedly appears like a reason to load your liver with beer and sodas and load your stomach with hot dogs, pizza, and assortment of chips and snacks. Although our â€Å"youth are not getting enough exercise to burn off the calories† accumulated from sitting around watching TV, we are probably getting enough exercise if youre into sports (Murphey 23). Although obesity is rising in the United States of America, clearly sports aren’t to blame because that isn’t what sports inspire to teach us, and becoming obese couch potatoes isn’t the lesson to be learned from sports. New Orleans football quarterback Drew Brees also remarks, â€Å"Why not get out and play for 60 minutes a day? † (Murphey 25) Clearly, sports aren’t really part of the problem when another influential athlete like Brees notices the issue of obesity and offers a sincere solution. Moreover, learning skills applicable to real life circumstances are what sports offers, believe it or not. Sport involvement, ranging from light participation to complete absorption or immersion into the game, has had a great impact on our life. Additionally, studies using literature analysis on sports participation have found that â€Å"with the intention, sports do build character† according to The Strategies For Character Building Through Sports Participation, a journal article in the International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences. For instance, researchers at the Josephine Institute Center of Sport Ethics noticed that students athletes have better attendance in school, lower drop-out rates, fewer discipline problems, and less drug use (Soh Kim Geok 50). Negative influences and their subsequent implications brought about outside the classroom are lowered because sports allows for better time management, keeping young adults productive on the field rather than regressing on the streets. Another capability learned in sports is sportsmanship, an aspiration that a sport or activity will be enjoyed for its own sake, with â€Å"apt consideration for fairness, ethics, respect and a sense of fellowship with ones competitors† (Soh Kim Geok 52). Since any job or relationship depends on these attributes, lessons learned across sports can be applied to any social interaction. On the other hand, admonishers of sports are likely to say that sportsmanship isn’t the lesson learned from the playground. In renown pyschologist Sigmund Freud’s analysis of sports, violence, arising from competition, can lead an â€Å"otherwise steadfast moral character, during [battle], to willingly take up arms against their fellow man† (qtd. In Holowchak 713). In other words, Freud is saying that even the utmost principled person is willing to injure another player to better his/her chance at winning. For instance, soccer hooliganism and riots break out as the result of losing or winning. In regards to audience sportsmanship, it is often the loudest annoying fan crowd shown by news networks as opposed to illustrating the bulk of the people who respect opposing team fans. Since it is common knowledge that the news nowadays aims to appeal to interesting storylines, like the small group of unruly sports fans, rather than boring subjects, like respectable sports spectators, cunning broadcasts should not be assumed. But in regards to player sportsmanship, the immense bulk of athletes play for the love of the game despite the substantial aggression involved. Injuring someone in opposing uniform usually occurs as an accident, not from coldblooded intention. A study on the significance for youth attitudes towards physical education and sports illustrated that â€Å"children and adolescents perceived school sport as a physical activity and a social phenomenon rather than a competition area† (Tomik 103). Apart from acquiring useful skills from participating in sports, social benefits can also be achieved by associating yourself with sports. As human beings, we appear to innately need to launch and uphold affiliations among several groups, sport related or not. Likewise, in any social assembly, colleagues aim to jump into the â€Å"cool† crowd and stand accepted by others. There are numerous underlying benefits to these relationships, including the opportunity to â€Å"acquire important social connections and a sense of belonging† that, ultimately, can assist in the supporting of happiness (Wann 189). Because it remains a shared area of interests among conversations, a sport has the ability to change strangers into longtime buddies in a just seconds. According to Amir Abu Dalu, a 19-year-old Arabian Peace Players International coach, you can watch or â€Å"play a game and connect, just like that (qtd.In Wolff). Let’s say Alex, a relatively nerdy, young, yet lonely student, begins his collegiate life at the University of Georgia, an institution that nurtures a respectable business program but also leads the nation by a â€Å"cream of the crop† football team on its shoulders. According to an insightful article on the culture of sports attendance, social needs such as the â€Å"social gratification of being with others who enjoy the same activity and connecting oneself with the need to interact, socialize, and belong are among the fundamental motives for sport consumption† (Armstrong 219). On that note, you will be inclined to become a red and black bleeding UGA fan. Identifying yourself as a bulldog will link you to numerous social connections, â€Å"new relationships with others, and a general sense of connectedness to the campus as a whole† (Wann 189). Now, feelings of alienation are replaced with social connections obtained by being labeled a UGA admirer. As a result, you are jollier than your saddened state of isolation beforehand. Sports are inclined to be able to, for lack of a better term, ‘turn that frown upside down’. Now, let’s suppose that Alex isn’t a Georgia fan or a sports fan at all. Couldn’t he find himself feeling isolated because everyone around him is into sports, and they tend to only bond with people over sports? Surely it is possible, but rationally speaking, it is unlikely that Alex finds himself in complete isolation because there have to be other anti-sporting individuals among the thousands who attend UGA who share common interests in areas besides athletics. A sport allows you to make social connections, but sports aren’t the only approach to linking to new acquaintances. And in a second instance, let’s suppose that Alex isn’t actually a Georgia fan. Let’s say he’s a Tech fan. Wouldn’t he potentially face hostility and isolation as a result of the fact that he’s a fan of UGA’s biggest rival? According to some, rivalries tend to make people reject others and not get along simply because they root for opposing teams. Beforehand, it was assumed that non-sports fan could make friends with other non-sports fans. Likewise, nonlocal sports fans could also make friends with other nonlocal sports fans believe it or not. Many of  these â€Å"fans attempt to maintain a community with other fans of the team via the Internet or by watching their team on television with other fans† (Wann 191). In accordance to making friendship with rival sports fans, friends do not always agree on everything and they shouldn’t become enemies over something silly as sports, no matter how important it is considered. Although these antagonistic relationships are a reality, they shouldnt be since ultimately, a Tech or UGA fan is zealous for the same game and should be able to find common ground based on that fact. Lastly, another advantage for people in sports is that it brings joy and hope in times of unhappiness or sad times. A loss or a losing season can cause temporary sadness, but in unhappy life situations, many of us look at sports as a fantasy leave from reality and the chaos it often brings. According to the International Academy for Suicide Research, it was found that adolescents â€Å"not engaged in physical exercise reported significantly higher hopelessness scores compared to the ones engaged in recreational activity† such as running, bicycling, playing basketball or other sports (Chioqueta 377). By using athletics to tackle the utmost unrelenting issues around the world, visionaries and humanitarians alike are impressively creating optimism and bliss in times of suffering and affliction. Senior writer for Sports Illustrated Alexander Wolff set off on a yearlong journey and noticed remarkable outcomes. In his article, a Brazilian kid avenged his father’s murder positively through boxing, became a light welterweight champion, and a received the opportunity to star in the 2012 London Olympics. Next, Zimbabwean boys learn about the HIV virus through fun and innovative role-playing by running soccer drills. Additionally, basketball facilitated to remove social barriers for Palestinian girls who are not culturally accepted to participate in anything usually done by their male counterparts. Not only do sports serve entertainment purposes, but also games have the effect of relaxing the brain of any ongoing strains. Some athletes use sports to tackle school related issues or concerns. After being asked the range of benefits attained from playing sports, a student reported that athletics can be â€Å"a good stress relief and if you’re like busy with school† (Scherer 494) Although some opponents may say that sports interferes with the learning process because players spend less time on assignments and reading, the same boy also felt â€Å"like [he] worked more efficiently† although sports consumes part of his time (Scherer 494). Lastly, associating with sports can lead to a barrel, jam-packed with underappreciated yet rewarding outcomes including: supporting a healthy lifestyle, learning off-the-field skills, acquiring social connections, and creating happiness amongst unhappy junctures. In all, sports authorize people to use its numerous offered benefits regardless of its limited shortcomings. Bringing both this analogy and the above ideas brought to attention into consideration, you should be able to find a positive stance on sports as it offers significant advantages and useful implications on society. Works Cited (List of References): Armstrong, Ketra L. Consumers Of Color And The Culture Of Sport Attendance: Exploratory Insights. Sport Marketing Quarterly 17. 4 (2008): 218-231. Business Source Complete. Web. 2 April 2013. Buckley, James, and John Walters. Sports In America, 1920-1939. n. p. : Chelsea House, 2010. eBook Collection (EBSCOhost). Web. 2 April 2013. Chioqueta, Andrea P. , and Tore C. Stiles. Cognitive Factors, Engagement In Sport, And Suicide Risk. Archives Of Suicide Research 11. 4 (2007): 375-390. Academic Search Complete. Web. 2 April 2013. Holowchak, M Andrew. Freud On Play, Games, And Sports Fanaticism. The Journal Of The American Academy Of Psychoanalysis And Dynamic Psychiatry 39. 4 (2011): 695-715. MEDLINE with Full Text. Web. 2 April 2013. Murphey, Paula. Get Fit And Stay Fit. Boys Life 102. 1 (2012): 22. MAS Ultra School Edition. Web. 2 April 2013. Scherer Jay, et al. Benefits And Challenges Associated With Sport Participation By Children And Parents From Low-Income Families. Psychology Of Sport Exercise 12. (n. d. ): 490-499. ScienceDirect. Web. 2 April 2013. Soh Kim Geok, et al. The Strategies For Character Building Through Sports Participation. International Journal Of Academic Research In Business Social Sciences 2. 3 (2012): 48-58. Academic Search Complete. Web. 2 April 2013. Tomik, Rajmund, Dorota Olex-Zarychta, and Waldyslaw Mynarski. Social Values Of Sport Participation And Their Significance For Youth Attitudes Towards Physical Education And Sport. Studies In Physical Culture Tourism 19. 3 (2012): 99-104. SPORTDiscus. Web. 2 April 2013. Wann, Daniel L. , Josh Polk, and Gentzy Franz. Examining The State Social Psychological Health Benefits Of Identifying With A Distant Sport Team. Journal Of Sport Behavior 34. 2 (2011): 188-205. Academic Search Complete. Web. 2 April 2013. Wolff, Alexander. Sports Saves The World. Sports Illustrated 115. 12 (2011): 62. MAS Ultra School Edition. Web. 2 April 2013.

The Lotos-Eaters By Tennyson Essay -- essays research papers fc

I. Introduction For many years, Tennyson has attracted readers by what Edmond Gosse called "the beauty of the atmosphere which Tennyson contrives to cast around his work, molding it in the blue mystery of twilight, in the opaline haze of sunset." He is one of the greatest representative figures of the Victorian Age. His writing incorporates many poetic styles and includes some of the finest idyllic poetry in the language. He is one of the few poets to have produced acknowledged masterpieces in so many different poetic genres; he implemented perhaps the most distinguished and versatile of all the written works in the English language. The first time I read â€Å"The Lotus-Eaters†1, I have to admit that I had a hearty dislike for it. Having read The Odyssey in Literature class last year, this seemed like its replica. It occurred to me that Tennyson was plagiarizing Homer. But when I reread the poem with greater depth, I noticed its poetic techniques, imagery, symbols, etc. It was really exceptional actually, although the meter didn’t remain uniform. But when you thoroughly understand it, you see how it pertains and is true to life. This being the first time I had ever come about a work by Tennyson. I didn’t know anything about his life. The idea that manifested me was that when writing this poem, Tennyson was depressed and cynical. Sort of like Hamlet2 in the â€Å"To be or not to be† soliloquy. In one point in the poem, he says, â€Å"Death is the end of the world...life all labor be?† I think he meant that life is hard to live; there are so many obstacles, so many wrong turns, and you can never go back and change anything. II. Analysis of Poem A. Summary The poem is about the journey of Odysseus to the Land of the Lotus Eaters. Here they encounter a race of creatures known as the Lotophagi (lotus eaters). They[Lotophagi] spend their days in a â€Å"daze†, literally. This was the effect of the lotus flower. It was a primitive version of narcotics. The Lotophagi offered the plant to Odysseus and his crew members. Some of the clique ate it. And then, they too, experienced a state of euphoria. Under these circumstances, they start speaking of staying over here[land of Lotos Eaters], and only dream about home. They forget their wives and children; only dream about them. Subsequently, the entire crew ate the lotos plant. Tennyson describes euphor... ...days at Cambridge he often did not bother to write down his compositions. We owe the first version of "The Lotos-Eaters" to Arthur Hallam, who reproduced it from Tennyson’s tidbits of information. IV. The Poem’s Place in its Time Tennyson turned to questions of death, religious faith, and immortality in a series of short poems, of which â€Å"The Lotus-Eaters† was a part. Tennyson had a way of achieving a covenant with his â€Å"public†. He gave them what they wanted. For example, the poem Princess was won by the hearts of the millions because it supported the women’s rights, which was one of the issues just igniting at that time. His consummately crafted verse expressed the terms of the Victorian feeling for order and harmony. Unlike Dickens, who was present in Tenneson’s time and a social critic, Tennyson didn’t seem to find an ill to society. Maybe that is why he was given the title of Lord and not Dickens. V. Bibliography 1.â€Å"Lord Alfred Tennyson,† Microsoft Encarta Encyclopedia ‘99, October 1999 2. The Norton Anthology of Poetry, The Lotos-Eaters, W.W. Norton & Company, New York, 1997, p. 540. 3. World Wide Web-http://charon.sfsu.edu/TENNYSON/tennyson.html.

Ecology: Petroleum and Caspian Sea

People from ancient times has an impact on the environment. As a result, this versatile centuries of human activity has left a deep mark on modern soil and vegetation, air and drinking (water) environment and wildlife. Man depletes non-renewable natural resources and threatens the production of those items that could be renewed. It changes the nature of the environment, upon which his physical and mental existence as biological and social phenomenon. Environmental pollution is becoming more acute, alarming. Barbarous, destructive attitude of the central departments of natural resources of Kazakhstan led 70-90. To the environmental crisis in the country, take in some regions of the catastrophic nature. One of the toughest environmental problems is the radioactive contamination of the territory of Kazakhstan. Nuclear tests conducted since 1949 at the Semipalatinsk test site resulted in contamination of vast territories in central and eastern Kazakhstan. The country has had five landfills, where nuclear tests were conducted in the vicinity of its borders is a Chinese Lop Nor test site. Radiation background in Kazakhstan increased as a result of the formation of ozone holes in spacecraft launch from the Baikonur. Huge challenge for Kazakhstan of the radioactive waste. Thus, UMP Factory has amassed about 100,000 tons of waste contaminated with uranium, thorium, and waste storage facility located in the city of Ust-Kamenogorsk. In Kazakhstan there are only 3 repository for nuclear waste and they are all located in the aquifer. That seriousness of the problem of radioactive contamination has led to one of the first laws of sovereign Kazakhstan was the decree of 30. 08. 1991, the banning of tests at the Semipalatinsk test site. One of the most serious environmental problems of Kazakhstan became the depletion of water resources. Increased consumption of fresh water, primarily for irrigated agriculture led to salinization and depletion of natural water sources. Particularly disastrous was the shallowing of the Aral Sea due to irrational use of water Amu Darya and Syr Darya. The sea level dropped by 13 meters, who uncovered the seabed turned into a salt desert. The annual dust storms spread the salt on the vast territory of Eurasia. The decrease mirrors the sea has led to a change in wind direction and climatic characteristics of the region. A similar situation exists in Lake Balkhash, the level of which is 10-15 years fell by 2. -3 meters. At the same time, the rise of the Caspian Sea, caused by ill-conceived decision stripping the Gulf of Kara-Bogazgol. Already flooded huge areas of coastal grazing areas and promising oil-bearing areas. Zyryanovsk lead and Leninogorsk polymetallic complexes have led to contamination of the Irtysh. Alarming environmental situation prevailing in the valley of the rivers Ili and the Urals. In the critical condition of the land resources of Kazakhstan, depleted fertile arable land, pasture becomes desert. Remains a serious problem of air pollution, especially in large industrial centers. National priority in the â€Å"Strategy 2030† RK include: environmental safety, rational use of natural resources, environmental well-being of citizens and some of the problems of social ecology. Reaction to the first environmental crises and catastrophes was expressed in the â€Å"Environment Act† of 1997. The problem of ecology and conservation – is rational and planned use of natural resources, protect the environment from pollution is a planned system of state control, international and public events aimed at the rational use, protection and restoration of natural resources, the satisfaction of material and cultural needs of future generations. National environmental issues Zones of ecological disaster in the Republic of Kazakhstan to continue to be the Aral Sea and Semipalatinsk regions, where there have been destroying the natural ecological systems, degradation of flora and fauna, due to unfavorable environmental conditions caused substantial harm to public health. Currently, the regions adjacent to the former Semipalatinsk test site (85 settlements with a population of almost 72 thousand people), there is a high level of cancer incidence and mortality, cardiovascular diseases, congenital malformations among newborns and the effects of premature aging. In the Aral Sea ecological disaster zone (178 settlements with a population of 186 thousand people) has a high level of gastrointestinal diseases and anemia, especially among women and children, infant mortality and birth defects. Depletion and pollution of water resources, and TZ problems associated with intensive development of resources of the Caspian Sea. Kazakhstan belongs to the category of countries with a large deficit of water resources. Currently, water bodies are polluted heavily in mining, metallurgical and chemical industries, utilities and cities represent a real environmental threat. Of the rivers of southern Kazakhstan the most polluted Badam and Talas. In Badam discharged wastewater Shymkent Oil-GIRO industrial complex in Talas – waste water of sugar and alcohol plants. Near Taraz sewage plant primary processing of wool, leather and shoe factory and other enterprises polluted Talas – Assinskoe field of groundwater, which is the only source of water supply the city of Taraz. Continuing pollution channel Talas-Asse and surrounding areas from sewage Taraz phosphorus plant. Wastewater Karaganda synthetic rubber plant, mercury-containing contaminated river Nura and Nurinskoe reservoir. Mercury-contaminated stream, and the Nura River, used for water supply and livestock watering. Water pollution has reached such proportions that in the basins of several rivers breached natural biological and hydro chemical regimes. Severe pollution are Syr Darya, Lake Balkhash, etc. The main pollutants of water sources are ferrous and nonferrous metallurgy, petroleum and chemical industries, waste water which significantly increases the water content of harmful substances. Transboundary environmental problems pose a real external threat to the ecological security of the country, a decision which is provided with modern actions of neighboring states in the framework of international treaties. In early 2003, Kazakhstan joined the Bazilskoy Convention on the Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and their disposal, which allowed to establish new customs regulations on the declaration of hazardous wastes and prevent their subsequent flow into the territory of the Republic of Kazakhstan under the guise of recycled materials and products.

Morris Kent Jr. vs. the United States Essay

At the age of 14 years in 1959 he was reported to have committed several offenses on housebreakings and attempted purse snatching. He was placed under probation on his mother’s care with corresponding social services. At the age of 16 in 1961 he was reported to have committed housebreaking, stealing the house owner’s wallet, and raping her. After which he admitted committing several offenses of the same manner. The waiver Kent’s mother, a lawyer, and a case worker from the juvenile court filed a petition to consider waiving the case while he was placed at the District of Columbia Receiving Home for children for a week. The trial and verdict He was convicted to six counts on housebreaking and robbery but was acquitted on two rape counts by reason of insanity. The appeal Objections to fingerprinting proceeding, absence to notification of parents, and courts denial to the access on his social services file. Petitioner also questioned the validity of the one week detainment at the District of Columbia which if an adult is already considered unlawful. The validity of the waiver which denies the petitioner the benefits of the juvenile courts parens patriae capacity (Howell 1998). Schall vs Martin The history At the age of 14 in Dec. 13, 1977 Gregory Martin was arrested with first degree robbery, second degree assault, and criminal possession of a weapon. Martin with two others allegedly hit a youth on the head with a loaded gun. They then stole the victim’s jacket and sneakers. The procedure Martin evidenced of lack of supervision was based on possession of a loaded weapon, lateness of the hour, and false information on his address given to the police. He was detained for a total of fifteen days between the initial appearance and the completion of the fact finding. The trial and verdict Martin was found guilty on robbery and criminal possession charges. Since he was adjudicated as delinquent, he was placed on two years probation. The appeal Objections were made on the pretrial detention of juveniles implying greater abuses of law and power. Re Gault, re Winship, Mckeiver vs the State of Pennsylvania The cases Winship was a twelve year old boy in 1970 who entered into a locker and stole $112. 00 from a woman’s pocketbook. He was ordered placed in a training school for an initial period of 18 months subject to annual extensions from the basis of preponderance of the evidence. Gault was 15 years old in 1967 when taken into custody as a result of a complaint that he had made lewd telephone calls. He was ordered to perform as a juvenile delinquent until he should reach maturity at the State Industrial School. Mckeiver was charged together with a group of 11 to 15 years with various acts of misdemeanors which arose from several demonstrations protesting school assignments and a school consolidation plan. The public was excluded from the hearing for major reason that the juvenile proceeding might make the trial into a fully adversary process. Each member of the juvenile group was considered a delinquent while placing each of them under probation. Analysis and recommendations The Juvenile Justice Services Administration is responsible for the effective administration of the juvenile justice programs for delinquent and incorrigible youths which is being done in coordination with the juvenile courts. The identification of the needs of children facing delinquency leads to the invention and creation of the juvenile courts to go easy on young criminals. The rapid increased of juvenile crime and young people identified as at risk has created a furor on shocking juvenile crime statistics which resulted to a public outcry on the need for change in the management of young offenders in all of US states nationwide. This practically litigated some offenders in adult criminal courts. The argument details on young children who had committed violent crimes like assault, rape, murder and armed robbery which are often adjudicated in the same court as non violent offenders charged with shoplifting, burglary, and petty theft to drug offenses. The growing disillusionment of the therapeutic and ineffective approach of the juvenile justice system has resulted to appeals for a modification of its due process to transfer young offenders to adult courts and prisons. It has been the present society’s desire to oppose rehabilitation and effect punishment. They firmly believed that the framework of the juvenile justice system has permitted young offenders to avoid accountability which led to its nonadversarial, decriminalized process where violent offenders were never separated and categorized according to the severity of their crimes. The court subsequently measures to provide guidance and rehabilitation of the child and protection for society not to fix criminal responsibility, guilt and punishment according to their parens patriae capacity. It seems that US is now caught up with its own policy which seems to produce a rapid increase of juvenile offenders who are not amenable to rehabilitation who acts as criminals who happens to be children. The courts are now dealing on the crossroads of empowering themselves to consider amenability between children who err and those children who commits an isolated criminal offense against the mandates of the juvenile justice court system. There is a marked dependency issues within the jurisdiction of the court and for young offenders otherwise involved in the judicial system. The system which serves to pose as an integral part of the national development process to protect the young and maintain peaceful order in the system has created chaos because of its policy and practice of informal justice for issues of social control. Most common practice is the treatment of every youth who violates the law is not labeled as a juvenile delinquent unless they were officially processed through the juvenile courts and officially adjudicated. But how can they be properly processed if at the start police interventions are already placing lax policies at stake? Is it a matter of policy makers and policies implementation? Or is it a matter of family emotional and authority interconnections that created the young person as he is today? The purposes and procedures of juvenile courts have become immerse on public reactions reflecting opinions on the system. To protect the rights of the young offenders, there must be a classification on matters of the crime that was committed. It is necessary to redesign a new youth justice system before it does more public harm. Young offenders caught in the web of the existing criminal justice system shall be classified according to the severity of the crime that was committed through individualized assessment and proactive case management. There shall be a diverse menu of options where the institution shall be created solely for the young offenders. This is the day that the court will treat crime as a crime regardless of the offender’s age and the appropriate time that young offenders will hold accountability and experience the consequences of their acts. Young people who violate the law are no longer guaranteed special treatment simply because they are young but must be disciplined according to the severity of the violations they had committed on separate juvenile institutions. The separate institution is still a form of special treatment where the facilities and the education and training of the young offenders are to be thoroughly studied. Amidst the severity of the crime, young offenders will still continue to be cognitively, emotionally and socially different from adults. Therefore the separation and the creation of a unique institution for them where they shall attend training and education inside and still receive diplomas for their education continues to serve them as citizens and young offenders. There must be a mother image or model assigned to a particular group of five or six children who will monitor their personal needs and really pose as a parent to them. Screening for the recruitment of mothers on this process must be very thorough and well maintained. When we say that young people are vulnerable to negative influences, we can justify the mother or parent issue by the model parent who constantly monitors and cares for them and teaches them basic family values that may be more than what their biological parents could give largely dependent on the nature and characteristics of the model parent screening recruitment process. Why not try hiring Asians? Maybe a change of culture introduction will work for these offenders. When you are out of ideas on how to control them, we might as well try other cultures to experiment the effect. We might as well try blending policies and practices on the care management of these juvenile delinquents. There shall be no lapses over the rights of the child being tried in an adult court regardless of age on the basis of the severity of the crime because the institution to where he goes is not a mix adult one but a newly created institution that caters juvenile criminals for this matter. No fear of any adverse effect on social issues and negative adult influences because they interact with people of the same violent crimes and same age bracket. Or to modify court proceedings, since we already have classifications on the severity of offenses then it can move to create law appropriate for these juveniles who were criminally charged. However, the trials shall be done under and within the umbrella of the juvenile justice system with no act of favoritism on matters of age. So waivers on matters of jurisdiction may not pose a threat to committing mistakes on putting the child into the adult institution. The issue here is the willingness of the State to provide such juvenile penitentiary. The cost and the budget appropriations will more or less equal to the budget on their drug abuse intervention offers. But if young offenders will be criminally hold accountable for their offenses then they will absolutely stop and start to manage their baby instincts which results from baby court policies and treatment of their offenses and age. The court is not justifying the act but is more on protecting the age which contributes to these young people’s confidence in passing time making crimes and getting away with it because they are young which is very unreasonable and not applicable either in the family system more on the justice court system. The issue that serves to balance the recommendation is the factors that made this young delinquents abused their rights. Maybe there were too many rights given to them that the court cannot invade to create justice for the victims in that system anymore. They have made a perfect firewall on their policies that even them cannot manage to hack their own system to change. There shall be a modification with the justice system classification on young people’s offenses and put them right back on their tracks without getting their rights off. For once in their lives they should know the harm and damage they had done to their victims and make them pay for it in their unique form of institution. It is a matter of psychological warfare with these young people. The psychological warfare of which is already in their own advantage because of the juvenile justice system policies and practices. We love our children but we need to rear them right. Love does not only mean making them babies in treatment and in policies, they also need a little spanking when they err to understand the severity of their act. Love means caring for their needs but still punishing them when they do things that poses harm to themselves, harm to their families and harm to the society. We have to stop the notion of making them think that what they are doing is still acceptable because of the governing family policies and juvenile justice system methods of treatment and rehabilitation. It is a matter of breaking their confidence now that they were made indestructible in court because of their age. The idea is to make them realize what they have done is immaterial to age but a direct violation of love and God. The institution will serve them right because they are properly taken cared of depending on the administration. Since national policy has been taking children out of their families because they don’t trust parents to be effective anymore, which is due to their policy also, then putting then in a juvenile institution consisting of a large land, mother models, equip with schools for education and training when they err will put them in their places without taking out their right. It is a midway and the last recourse for these children. There will be no fear on part of the parents and no fear on part of the justice system. The kids now will serve their time studying and learning skills to get a life after serving their sentences. Some grave offenses will require them to work within the institution as part of the training like foundry or what Don Bosconian students are doing. If you don’t want to work and get trained 8 hours a day, then don’t commit grave offenses. Just be a youth and live how a youth is supposed to live. It is a matter now of choice for these juvenile offenders. The knowledge itself that they have an institution to go won’t make them go easy on their impulse acts and imaginations. It is like the idea of over feeding the child which makes him obese, overprotective policy will make him a criminal because nobody can touch him. It seems that the idea lies on the thought that the victim will fear more of being killed and raped by a juvenile offender because no justice can be absolutely derived from it. How can a nation maintain peace and order then when it disrupts respect for law and of the rights of the victim in the first place? We want to see the situation objectively. Reversing orders by judges is just not applicable but modifications on the juvenile justice system are what we have to look into deeply. It is time for a change and that change shall start now before certain events will turn to future abolition of the ineffective juvenile justice system. We just have to look at the flow chart and analyze the policies and procedures involved in each processes. The theme is objective analysis and not favors. The only thing that will hold them from waivers and transfers to adult courts are the negative consequences of adult institutions for their age and shall not be based on their ages. Figure 1. Juvenile justice flow chart (Arizona 2006) References Arizona Supreme Court. (2006). Juvenile justice flow chart. Retrieved May 19, 2007 Website: http://www. supreme. state. az. us/jjsd/jolts/FlowChart. htm Howell, J. C. (1998, January). NCCD’s Survey of Juvenile Detention and Correctional Facilities. Crime & Delinquency. Retrieved May 19, 2007 Website: http://law. jrank. org/pages/12936/Kent-v-United-States. html

Work Breakdown Structure Essays

Work Breakdown Structure Essays Work Breakdown Structure Paper Work Breakdown Structure Paper Chapman (2004) describes a Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) as a results-oriented family tree that captures all the work of a project in an organized way. The WBS therefore presents graphically the tasks in tabular as a hierarchical tree but it can also be a presented as task list in the form of a Gantt chart schedule. A simple example of WBS is shown in Appendix A. WBS as a planning tool In simple sense, the WBS could be used as a planning tool. Some projects could really be too big that could result to confusion if no planning is done. Imagine a contractor planning to build 1,000 houses with a month without a plan. How will he or she see to it that materials are available and delivered on time would be serious thing to consider. Add the fact that prices of materials could fluctuate in the market that could affect the contractor is sourcing the same materials in the light of cash flow requirements. To illustrate, it could not just be assumed that the materials will all be delivered at the construction site immediately as there could be problems as to storage and even security. One could be overwhelmed and confused if the amount of work and time is underestimated when it will turnout that it could be more. Mismanagement of projects normally comes from lack of planning and one who wants to comply in contracts could not afford not to have a plan. The nature of contracts with the use of WBS Contracts that are entered into between the parties create obligation between them. A typical construction contract for example that exist between the contractor (builder) and a contractee (owner the building) will cause the contractor to deliver the constructed according to specifications (Prager, J.1994) made by the contractee. Under the contract, the contractor must finish the building or project for given period time, using require materials, employing the required skills from its workers and completing other requirements that would satisfy the provisions of the contracts. The contractee in return may promise to pay the contractor based on progress billing or upon completion. Under either scenario, the work break structure may be of use to both parties. How may the contractor may make use of the WBS? On the part of the contractor, he or she may makes use of the WBS to plan the project for the construction of the house. In the WBS, contractor may specify the activities or the works to be accomplished within the a give period, which could daily, weekly, monthly or even yearly for big projects involving numerous number of housing units. With the WBS, which may be in form of a tree or Gantt chart, the corresponding cost and amount of materials may also be identified and plotted as guide by the contractor to see how he is or she is progressing in his or her work. Logically, the WBS could therefore serve as planning tool where the contractor could put down all the necessary activities that must be finished under given deadlines. In the case of progress billing type of contracts, the contractor can then use the WBS or the Gantt chart to document the extent of completion for purposes of billing the contractee. In the WBS, the contractor also binds himself or herself to do certain activities ahead of other, hence this could be used by the contractor to explain possible delay in finishing the contracts. A typical example is the delivery of materials beyond the control of the contractor. If the delay of the delivery was beyond the fault of the contractor, then the delay could be blamed on the said contractor, in which case the WBS could really a functional tool to justify delay so as to avoid damages. How may the contractee may make use of the WBS? On the part of the contractee, the WBS could be used to demand measurement of performance. As indicted earlier contract have deadlines, hence the contractee my charge some penalties for delay if such provisions were made part of the contract. On the basis of the WBS, the contractee may pay or may also refuse to pay in accordance with the contract. It could thus be said also that the WBS is the graphical representation of contract that was put in words and which was acknowledge in writing by the contracting parties. In so using the WBS, the contractee may check if the contractee is too fast that may tell something about the quality of project. Hence finishing ahead of time does not necessarily mean that the contractor is efficient. In construction contracts time could be very relevant in imposing standards. Cements need to dry well before other part of construction could continue and for some this may take time. Even in soil preparation good construction practice allow the passage of time to make it sure the materials need to be allowed some time to effective. This could be applicable also in the case of paints. The WBS could therefore guide the contractee in verifying that only the works to be done first should be done ahead to ensure quality of the project. In case of lack of fault of both contracting the parties, the WBS is desirable to have a contingency plan in order to prevent losses to both parties. In certain contracts however, time is of the essence that completion on time could be of paramount importance. Conclusion We have seen that work breakdown structure has its use and purpose in contracts. From the were discussed, it could thus be said that the WBS is a requirement for contract as a planning tool, as an evaluation tool and even as a legal tool for both of the parties of the contract to measure and determine the compliance of their obligations to each other. Based on discussion, the view could be confirmed that WBS may be designed to try to achieve certain goals such as: (1) being compatible with how the work that will be done and how costs and schedules will be managed; (2) giving visibility to important or risky work efforts; (3) allowing mapping of requirements, plans, testing, and deliverables; (4) fostering clear ownership by managers and task leaders; and (5) providing data for performance measurement and historical databases (Chapman, 2004). Appendix A, Source: Chapman, J. (2004) References: Chapman, J. (2004) Introduction to the WBS, {www document} URL hyperthot. com/pm_wbs. htm, Accessed June 5,2007 Prager, J. (1994) Contracting out Government Services: Lessons from the Private Sector, Public Administration Review, Vol. 54, 1994